Ignite Creation Date:
2024-05-05 @ 11:07 AM
Last Modification Date:
2024-10-26 @ 9:02 AM
Study NCT ID:
NCT00001359
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2008-03-04
First Post:
1999-11-03
Brief Title:
Preventive Measures for Childhood-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Tic Disorders PANDAS Subgroup
Sponsor:
National Institute of Mental Health NIMH
Organization:
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center CC
Study Overview
Official Title:
A Trial of Prophylaxis for the PANDAS Subgroup
Status:
COMPLETED
Status Verified Date:
2006-01
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Not Stopped
Has Expanded Access:
False
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
None
Brief Summary:
A subgroup of patients with childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD andor tic disorders has been identified who share a common clinical course characterized by dramatic onset and symptom exacerbations following group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal GABHS infections This subgroup is designated by the acronym PANDAS Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections There are five clinical characteristics that define the PANDAS subgroup presence of OCD andor tic disorder prepubertal symptom onset sudden onset or abrupt exacerbations relapsing-remitting course association with neurological abnormalities presence of adventitious movements or motoric hyperactivity during exacerbations and temporal association between symptom exacerbations and GABHS infections In this subgroup periodic exacerbations appear to be triggered by GABHS infections in a manner similar to that of Sydenhams chorea the neurological variant of rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is a disorder with a presumed post-streptococcal autoimmune etiology The streptococcal pathogenesis of rheumatic fever is supported by studies that have demonstrated the effectiveness of penicillin prophylaxis in preventing recurrences of this illness A trial of penicillin prophylaxis in the PANDAS subgroup demonstrated that penicillin was not superior to placebo as prophylaxis against GABHS infections in these children but this outcome was felt to be secondary to non-compliance with treatment and there was no decrease in the number of neuropsychiatric symptom exacerbations in this group In a study comparing azithromycin and penicillin both drugs were completely effective in preventing streptococcal infections - there were no documented titer elevations during the year-long study period for children taking either penicillin or azithromycin Comparable reductions in the severity of tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were also observed Thus penicillin was not performing as an active placebo as originally postulated but rather provided effective prophylaxis against Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal Both azithromycin and penicillin appear to be effective in eliminating GABHS infections and reducing neuropsychiatric symptom severity thus between-group differences are negligible Since increasing the n to demonstrate superiority of one prophylactic agent over another would be impractical we have amended the study design to address two issues
1 To determine if antibiotics prophylaxis against GABHS infections is superior to placebo in prolonging periods of remission among children in the PANDAS subgroup
2 To determine if antibiotics prophylaxis against GABHS infections is superior to placebo in improving overall symptom severity for obsessive-compulsive symptoms and tics among children in the PANDAS subgroup
Because penicillin has a narrower therapeutic index and is less expensive than azithromycin it is the preferable prophylactic agent Further penicillin 250 mg orally twice a day has a long history of providing safe and effective prophylaxis for rheumatic fever and is the first line oral therapy recommended by the American Heart Association Thus penicillin has been chosen as the prophylactic antibiotic in the present study Blister packs are used to increase compliance and to allow for easier documentation of missed doses
Rheumatic fever is a disorder with a presumed post-streptococcal autoimmune etiology The streptococcal pathogenesis of rheumatic fever is supported by studies that have demonstrated the effectiveness of penicillin prophylaxis in preventing recurrences of this illness A trial of penicillin prophylaxis in the PANDAS subgroup demonstrated that penicillin was not superior to placebo as prophylaxis against GABHS infections in these children but this outcome was felt to be secondary to non-compliance with treatment and there was no decrease in the number of neuropsychiatric symptom exacerbations in this group In a study comparing azithromycin and penicillin both drugs were completely effective in preventing streptococcal infections - there were no documented titer elevations during the year-long study period for children taking either penicillin or azithromycin Comparable reductions in the severity of tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were also observed Thus penicillin was not performing as an active placebo as originally postulated but rather provided effective prophylaxis against Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal Both azithromycin and penicillin appear to be effective in eliminating GABHS infections and reducing neuropsychiatric symptom severity thus between-group differences are negligible Since increasing the n to demonstrate superiority of one prophylactic agent over another would be impractical we have amended the study design to address two issues
1 To determine if antibiotics prophylaxis against GABHS infections is superior to placebo in prolonging periods of remission among children in the PANDAS subgroup
2 To determine if antibiotics prophylaxis against GABHS infections is superior to placebo in improving overall symptom severity for obsessive-compulsive symptoms and tics among children in the PANDAS subgroup
Because penicillin has a narrower therapeutic index and is less expensive than azithromycin it is the preferable prophylactic agent Further penicillin 250 mg orally twice a day has a long history of providing safe and effective prophylaxis for rheumatic fever and is the first line oral therapy recommended by the American Heart Association Thus penicillin has been chosen as the prophylactic antibiotic in the present study Blister packs are used to increase compliance and to allow for easier documentation of missed doses
Detailed Description:
The purpose of this study is to determine whether penicillin prevents the symptoms of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder OCD and tic disorders from recurring in children with
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus PANDAS
A subgroup of children with childhood-onset OCD andor tic disorders share a common clinical course characterized by dramatic onset and symptom exacerbations following scarlet fever or strep throat infections Such infections may be prevented by the prophylactic preventative dose administration of antibiotics such as penicillin This study will determine the effectiveness of penicillin prophylaxis in preventing relapses of OCD andor tics in the PANDAS subgroup
Participants receive a comprehensive psychiatric neurological and physical evaluation Children will initially receive penicillin tablets and then will be randomly assigned to receive either penicillin or placebo tablets for 6 months Children will be monitored monthly by either in-person visits or a telephone interview Any child who has a significant increase in his or her OCD or tics is taken off the randomized medication and put on open-label penicillin for the rest of the study
For more information about this study please visit the Official PANDAS Web Page at the following web address
httpintramuralnimhnihgovresearchpdnwebhtm
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus PANDAS
A subgroup of children with childhood-onset OCD andor tic disorders share a common clinical course characterized by dramatic onset and symptom exacerbations following scarlet fever or strep throat infections Such infections may be prevented by the prophylactic preventative dose administration of antibiotics such as penicillin This study will determine the effectiveness of penicillin prophylaxis in preventing relapses of OCD andor tics in the PANDAS subgroup
Participants receive a comprehensive psychiatric neurological and physical evaluation Children will initially receive penicillin tablets and then will be randomly assigned to receive either penicillin or placebo tablets for 6 months Children will be monitored monthly by either in-person visits or a telephone interview Any child who has a significant increase in his or her OCD or tics is taken off the randomized medication and put on open-label penicillin for the rest of the study
For more information about this study please visit the Official PANDAS Web Page at the following web address
httpintramuralnimhnihgovresearchpdnwebhtm
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
None
Is an Unapproved Device?:
None
Is a PPSD?:
None
Is a US Export?:
None
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?:
None
Secondary IDs
| Secondary ID | Type | Domain | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 93-M-0122 | None | None | None |