Ignite Creation Date:
2024-10-26 @ 3:38 PM
Last Modification Date:
2024-10-26 @ 3:38 PM
Study NCT ID:
NCT06565468
Status:
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Last Update Posted:
None
First Post:
2024-08-16
Brief Title:
The Effect of Cold Water Immersion on Recovery and Performance in NCAA Division I Athletes
Sponsor:
None
Organization:
None
Study Overview
Official Title:
The Effect of Cold Water Immersion on Recovery and Performance in NCAA Division I Athletes
Status:
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Status Verified Date:
2024-08
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Not Stopped
Has Expanded Access:
No
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
None
Brief Summary:
In this study the investigators will examine the effect of cold-water immersion CWI on objective and subjective recovery metrics as well as simple performance metrics in National Collegiate Athletics Association NCAA Division I Mens and Womens Volleyball players Mens Football players and Mens and Womens Cross Country runners This is a cohort cross-over study that will take place over the course of four weeks during an intensive training cycle Participants will wear a WHOOP monitoring device on their wrists at all times during the study period The two-week intervention will consist of ten minutes of CWI to take place within one hour of the completion of the last training session of the day The target water temperature will be 55 degrees Fahrenheit and each participant will complete five sessions of CWI per week for a total of ten sessions over the two-week intervention phase Objective recovery measures will include heart rate variability resting heart rate total sleep time slow wave sleep time sleep consistency blood oxygenation and nocturnal skin temperature all of which will be collected continuously by the WHOOP monitoring device Subjective recovery measures will include three surveys to be completed daily including the Likert Scale of Muscle Soreness the Total Quality Recovery Scale and the Single-Item Sleep Questionnaire Performance measures will include a counter-movement jump to be completed two times per week an isometric mid-thigh pull to be completed once per week and a drop jump to be completed once per week These outcome measures will similarly be collected during the two-week control period during which participants will not have access to CWI following training sessions
Detailed Description:
This is a cohort cross-over design that will take place over four weeks during an intensive training cycle The study population will be randomized into two cohorts The first cohort will begin with the control phase and then transition to the intervention phase The second cohort will begin with the intervention phase and then transition to the control phase
Control phase
Participants will complete normal training sessions over a 14-day period and will not have access to cold water immersion CWI during this time
Intervention phase
Participants will complete normal training sessions over a 14-day period They will complete a session of CWI within one hour of finishing the last training session of the day CWI will consist of ten minutes of submersion to the neck in a cold-water tub with a target temperature of 55 degrees Fahrenheit daily temperatures will be recorded at the time of each session The acceptable range for the CWI protocol will be from 53-57 degrees Fahrenheit The immersion process will not be completed if the temperature of the water is outside of this range Participants will complete five sessions per week with a total of 10 sessions to be completed over the 14-day intervention
Participants will wear a WHOOP 40 wrist device throughout the entire four-week study period to collect continuous biometric data and to monitor sleep patterns overnight Athletic performance testing will consist of a counter-movement jump completed two times per week an isometric mid-thigh pull completed one time per week and a drop jump completed one time per week Participants will complete three surveys daily over the four-week period Participants will be aware of their performance testing metrics and physiologic measures as reported in the WHOOP app
Physiological Measures
Biometric Monitoring
Participants will be asked to wear a WHOOP 40 wrist device throughout the entirety of the study period This device will provide continuous biometric data including resting heart rate exertional heart rate heart rate variability respiratory rate blood oxygenation and skin temperature
Sleep Monitoring
Participants will be asked to wear a WHOOP 40 wrist device throughout the entirety of the study period which will provide detailed data regarding sleep quantity quality consistency and efficiency It will also provide information about the time spent in each phase of sleep light REM slow wave deep and awake and respiratory rate throughout sleep
Athletic Performance Testing
Counter-movement jump
The Counter-movement Jump CMJ is a vertical jump test performed by having an athlete quickly squat on a force plate to a self-selected depth and then jump as high as possible It is primarily used for monitoring sports performance inter-limb asymmetries neuromuscular fatigue and the effectiveness of different training programs
Isometric mid-thigh pull
The Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull IMTP is performed on a dual force plate system with a barbell locked at mid-thigh height with the athlete attempting to produce as much force as possible as quickly as possible The test requires an individual to pull on a fixed barbell while standing on the force plate system with a maximal effort for 3-5 seconds It has been used in studies that evaluated the effects of resistance training programs on maximum strength development the acute ergogenic effects of supplements on strength eg sodium bicarbonate caffeine and the influence of motor learning strategies on maximum force production Additionally the isometric mid-thigh pull test is also used to assess fatigue and recovery from exercise and competition
Drop jump
The drop jump is a fitness test of leg strength and power which requires the athlete to drop off a box and immediately jump as high as they can The athlete stands on a box adjacent to the force plate The athlete then drops down off the box onto the force plate bending the knees on landing then immediately performs a maximal vertical jump The athlete jumps vertically as high as possible and lands back on the mat with both feet landing at the same time This test is designed to assess average power and reactive strength
Perceptual Measure and Questionnaires
Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale SISQ
Participants will be asked to complete the single-item sleep quality scale daily This survey has been validated against the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index PSQI for assessment of subjective sleep quality Participants will rate the quality of their sleep on a scale of 1-10 The survey will consist of the following prompt Please think about the quality of the participants sleep overall such as how many hours of sleep the participant got how easily the participant fell asleep how often the participant woke up during the night except to go to the bathroom how often the participant woke up earlier than the participant had to in the morning and how refreshing the participants sleep was Over the past seven days how would the participant rate the participants sleep quality overall Mark only one box from 0-10 with 0 being terrible 1-3 being poor 4-6 being fair 7-9 being good and 10 being excellent
Total Quality Recovery Scale TQR
Participants will be asked to complete this survey daily This tool is an overall measure of perception of recovery on a 6-20 point scale estimating the perception of recovery daily to detect the current form of athletes and to monitor short-lived emotional changes The TQR scale is similar to the perceived exertion scale and is used as a means to measure psycho-physiological recovery A score for the TQR is ideal at a value of 20 and a score of 13 is considered the minimum score any scores below this indicate that recovery is incomplete
Likert Scale of Muscle Soreness LSMS
Participants will be asked to complete this survey daily This tool is a measure of lower limb muscle soreness and has been validated against the Visual Analog Scale in athletes The survey assesses subjective ratings of lower body soreness quadriceps hamstrings ranging from 0-6 0 complete absence of pain 1 light pain felt only when toucheda vague ache 2 moderate pain felt only when toucheda slight persistent pain 3 light pain when walking up or down stairs 4 light pain when walking on a flat surfacepainful 5 moderate pain stiffness or weakness when walkingvery painful and 6 severe pain that limits my ability to move
Medical Equipment
In-ground Cold Plunge Pool
The investigators will be utilizing the in-ground cold plunge pools located in the UCLA athletic training rooms The water in the pool is chlorinated and checked and maintained at a 10-12 ppm by a CPO certified pool operator daily There is a recirculating sandsilicate filtration system All study participants will be required to shower prior to use and follow all Occupational Safety and Health Administration OsHA protocols in line with the Campus Department of Health and Safety Additionally the pools have a UV sanitization system There are grab rails on all stepsstairs as well as non-skid grips on steps to reduce the risk of slips and falls
Control phase
Participants will complete normal training sessions over a 14-day period and will not have access to cold water immersion CWI during this time
Intervention phase
Participants will complete normal training sessions over a 14-day period They will complete a session of CWI within one hour of finishing the last training session of the day CWI will consist of ten minutes of submersion to the neck in a cold-water tub with a target temperature of 55 degrees Fahrenheit daily temperatures will be recorded at the time of each session The acceptable range for the CWI protocol will be from 53-57 degrees Fahrenheit The immersion process will not be completed if the temperature of the water is outside of this range Participants will complete five sessions per week with a total of 10 sessions to be completed over the 14-day intervention
Participants will wear a WHOOP 40 wrist device throughout the entire four-week study period to collect continuous biometric data and to monitor sleep patterns overnight Athletic performance testing will consist of a counter-movement jump completed two times per week an isometric mid-thigh pull completed one time per week and a drop jump completed one time per week Participants will complete three surveys daily over the four-week period Participants will be aware of their performance testing metrics and physiologic measures as reported in the WHOOP app
Physiological Measures
Biometric Monitoring
Participants will be asked to wear a WHOOP 40 wrist device throughout the entirety of the study period This device will provide continuous biometric data including resting heart rate exertional heart rate heart rate variability respiratory rate blood oxygenation and skin temperature
Sleep Monitoring
Participants will be asked to wear a WHOOP 40 wrist device throughout the entirety of the study period which will provide detailed data regarding sleep quantity quality consistency and efficiency It will also provide information about the time spent in each phase of sleep light REM slow wave deep and awake and respiratory rate throughout sleep
Athletic Performance Testing
Counter-movement jump
The Counter-movement Jump CMJ is a vertical jump test performed by having an athlete quickly squat on a force plate to a self-selected depth and then jump as high as possible It is primarily used for monitoring sports performance inter-limb asymmetries neuromuscular fatigue and the effectiveness of different training programs
Isometric mid-thigh pull
The Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull IMTP is performed on a dual force plate system with a barbell locked at mid-thigh height with the athlete attempting to produce as much force as possible as quickly as possible The test requires an individual to pull on a fixed barbell while standing on the force plate system with a maximal effort for 3-5 seconds It has been used in studies that evaluated the effects of resistance training programs on maximum strength development the acute ergogenic effects of supplements on strength eg sodium bicarbonate caffeine and the influence of motor learning strategies on maximum force production Additionally the isometric mid-thigh pull test is also used to assess fatigue and recovery from exercise and competition
Drop jump
The drop jump is a fitness test of leg strength and power which requires the athlete to drop off a box and immediately jump as high as they can The athlete stands on a box adjacent to the force plate The athlete then drops down off the box onto the force plate bending the knees on landing then immediately performs a maximal vertical jump The athlete jumps vertically as high as possible and lands back on the mat with both feet landing at the same time This test is designed to assess average power and reactive strength
Perceptual Measure and Questionnaires
Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale SISQ
Participants will be asked to complete the single-item sleep quality scale daily This survey has been validated against the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index PSQI for assessment of subjective sleep quality Participants will rate the quality of their sleep on a scale of 1-10 The survey will consist of the following prompt Please think about the quality of the participants sleep overall such as how many hours of sleep the participant got how easily the participant fell asleep how often the participant woke up during the night except to go to the bathroom how often the participant woke up earlier than the participant had to in the morning and how refreshing the participants sleep was Over the past seven days how would the participant rate the participants sleep quality overall Mark only one box from 0-10 with 0 being terrible 1-3 being poor 4-6 being fair 7-9 being good and 10 being excellent
Total Quality Recovery Scale TQR
Participants will be asked to complete this survey daily This tool is an overall measure of perception of recovery on a 6-20 point scale estimating the perception of recovery daily to detect the current form of athletes and to monitor short-lived emotional changes The TQR scale is similar to the perceived exertion scale and is used as a means to measure psycho-physiological recovery A score for the TQR is ideal at a value of 20 and a score of 13 is considered the minimum score any scores below this indicate that recovery is incomplete
Likert Scale of Muscle Soreness LSMS
Participants will be asked to complete this survey daily This tool is a measure of lower limb muscle soreness and has been validated against the Visual Analog Scale in athletes The survey assesses subjective ratings of lower body soreness quadriceps hamstrings ranging from 0-6 0 complete absence of pain 1 light pain felt only when toucheda vague ache 2 moderate pain felt only when toucheda slight persistent pain 3 light pain when walking up or down stairs 4 light pain when walking on a flat surfacepainful 5 moderate pain stiffness or weakness when walkingvery painful and 6 severe pain that limits my ability to move
Medical Equipment
In-ground Cold Plunge Pool
The investigators will be utilizing the in-ground cold plunge pools located in the UCLA athletic training rooms The water in the pool is chlorinated and checked and maintained at a 10-12 ppm by a CPO certified pool operator daily There is a recirculating sandsilicate filtration system All study participants will be required to shower prior to use and follow all Occupational Safety and Health Administration OsHA protocols in line with the Campus Department of Health and Safety Additionally the pools have a UV sanitization system There are grab rails on all stepsstairs as well as non-skid grips on steps to reduce the risk of slips and falls
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
None
Is an Unapproved Device?:
None
Is a PPSD?:
None
Is a US Export?:
None
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?:
None