Ignite Creation Date:
2025-12-25 @ 12:13 AM
Ignite Modification Date:
2025-12-25 @ 10:14 PM
Study NCT ID:
NCT01637558
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2017-10-27
First Post:
2012-07-02
Is NOT Gene Therapy:
False
Has Adverse Events:
False
Brief Title:
Optimal Dosing of 1st Line Antituberculosis and Antiretroviral Drugs in Children (a Pharmacokinetic Study)
Sponsor:
University of Cape Town
Organization:
Study Overview
Official Title:
Optimal Dosing of 1st Line Antituberculosis and Antiretroviral Drugs in Children (a Pharmacokinetic Study)
Status:
COMPLETED
Status Verified Date:
2017-10
Last Known Status:
None
Delayed Posting:
No
If Stopped, Why?:
Not Stopped
Has Expanded Access:
False
If Expanded Access, NCT#:
N/A
Has Expanded Access, NCT# Status:
N/A
Acronym:
DATiC
Brief Summary:
The aims of this project are to:
1. To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of first line antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol) when applying the 2010 WHO/IUATLD dosing guidelines across pediatric populations (0-12 years of age, HIV infected and uninfected, and with varied nutritional status) in Cape Town, South Africa and Blantyre, Malawi.
2. To evaluate an 8-hourly weight band-based dosing strategy for lopinavir/ritonavir using the commercially available lopinavir/ritonavir (4:1 ratio) in children in South Africa receiving rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment.
3. To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in children in Malawi receiving rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment.
1. To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of first line antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol) when applying the 2010 WHO/IUATLD dosing guidelines across pediatric populations (0-12 years of age, HIV infected and uninfected, and with varied nutritional status) in Cape Town, South Africa and Blantyre, Malawi.
2. To evaluate an 8-hourly weight band-based dosing strategy for lopinavir/ritonavir using the commercially available lopinavir/ritonavir (4:1 ratio) in children in South Africa receiving rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment.
3. To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in children in Malawi receiving rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment.
Detailed Description:
HIV and tuberculosis are a major public health problem in children. Challenges to treat children with tuberculosis include a lack of knowledge about optimal dosing of first line antituberculosis drugs across ages, nutritional status and HIV infection status, the absence of an appropriate regimen to co-administer rifampin and lopinavir/ritonavir, the key first line drugs for tuberculosis and HIV, and uncertainty about NVP exposure in young children during rifampin-based tuberculosis therapy.
In total, 240 children \< 12 years of age with tuberculosis will be enrolled at Red Cross Children's Hospital in Cape Town and Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre. In the second month of antituberculosis treatment, one dose of the drugs in their first-line regimens will be administered according to 2010 WHO/IUATLD guidelines (study drugs) and blood will be sampled for pharmacokinetic analysis over the following 8-10 hours.
Children on antiretroviral treatment (started prior to or during TB treatment) will receive 2 weeks of antiretrovirals (lopinavir/ritonavir or nevirapine) according in the study doses (adjusted 8 hourly doses of lopinavir/ritonavir, or nevirapine doses according to WHO's recommended weight band-based doses) in combination with antituberculosis treatment, prior to pharmacokinetic assessments of both antiretroviral and antituberculosis drugs. Children receiving nevirapine will also undergo pharmacokinetic evaluation 1 month after completion of antituberculosis treatment to evaluate nevirapine concentrations in the absence of antituberculosis drugs. In addition to the 240 children with tuberculosis, 25 HIV infected South African children without tuberculosis will be recruited to evaluate lopinavir concentrations in the absence of antituberculosis drugs.
A population approach will be used to estimate the optimal doses of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in children according to covariates (e.g. age, weight, HIV status, nutritional status) found to have an important influence on the drug concentrations. Similarly population models will be used to describe lopinavir/ritonavir and nevirapine pharmacokinetics in children receiving rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment, evaluate the dosing approaches and to simulate alternative optimal dosing approaches as indicated.
In total, 240 children \< 12 years of age with tuberculosis will be enrolled at Red Cross Children's Hospital in Cape Town and Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre. In the second month of antituberculosis treatment, one dose of the drugs in their first-line regimens will be administered according to 2010 WHO/IUATLD guidelines (study drugs) and blood will be sampled for pharmacokinetic analysis over the following 8-10 hours.
Children on antiretroviral treatment (started prior to or during TB treatment) will receive 2 weeks of antiretrovirals (lopinavir/ritonavir or nevirapine) according in the study doses (adjusted 8 hourly doses of lopinavir/ritonavir, or nevirapine doses according to WHO's recommended weight band-based doses) in combination with antituberculosis treatment, prior to pharmacokinetic assessments of both antiretroviral and antituberculosis drugs. Children receiving nevirapine will also undergo pharmacokinetic evaluation 1 month after completion of antituberculosis treatment to evaluate nevirapine concentrations in the absence of antituberculosis drugs. In addition to the 240 children with tuberculosis, 25 HIV infected South African children without tuberculosis will be recruited to evaluate lopinavir concentrations in the absence of antituberculosis drugs.
A population approach will be used to estimate the optimal doses of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in children according to covariates (e.g. age, weight, HIV status, nutritional status) found to have an important influence on the drug concentrations. Similarly population models will be used to describe lopinavir/ritonavir and nevirapine pharmacokinetics in children receiving rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment, evaluate the dosing approaches and to simulate alternative optimal dosing approaches as indicated.
Study Oversight
Has Oversight DMC:
True
Is a FDA Regulated Drug?:
None
Is a FDA Regulated Device?:
None
Is an Unapproved Device?:
None
Is a PPSD?:
None
Is a US Export?:
None
Is an FDA AA801 Violation?: