Ignite Creation Date:
2025-12-24 @ 6:51 PM
Ignite Modification Date:
2026-01-06 @ 9:27 PM
Study NCT ID:
NCT03054857
Status:
COMPLETED
Last Update Posted:
2018-06-19
First Post:
2016-06-01
Is Gene Therapy:
True
Has Adverse Events:
True
Brief Title:
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Post-operative Cognitive Function and Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Surgery
Sponsor:
Organization:
Raw JSON
{'hasResults': True, 'derivedSection': {'miscInfoModule': {'versionHolder': '2025-12-24'}, 'conditionBrowseModule': {'meshes': [{'id': 'D003072', 'term': 'Cognition Disorders'}], 'ancestors': [{'id': 'D019965', 'term': 'Neurocognitive Disorders'}, {'id': 'D001523', 'term': 'Mental Disorders'}]}, 'interventionBrowseModule': {'meshes': [{'id': 'D020927', 'term': 'Dexmedetomidine'}], 'ancestors': [{'id': 'D007093', 'term': 'Imidazoles'}, {'id': 'D001393', 'term': 'Azoles'}, {'id': 'D006573', 'term': 'Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring'}, {'id': 'D006571', 'term': 'Heterocyclic Compounds'}]}}, 'resultsSection': {'moreInfoModule': {'pointOfContact': {'email': 'thongsuk.y@hotmail.com', 'phone': '+66817738629', 'title': 'Dr.Yada Thongsuk', 'organization': 'King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital'}, 'certainAgreement': {'piSponsorEmployee': False, 'restrictiveAgreement': False}, 'limitationsAndCaveats': {'description': 'Some missing data of postoperative neurocognitive assessment score leading to inconclusive results of some participants Low incidence of POCD in our samples leading to less reliable results'}}, 'adverseEventsModule': {'timeFrame': '7 days', 'eventGroups': [{'id': 'EG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.', 'otherNumAtRisk': 49, 'deathsNumAtRisk': 49, 'otherNumAffected': 13, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 49, 'deathsNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAffected': 0}, {'id': 'EG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.', 'otherNumAtRisk': 50, 'deathsNumAtRisk': 50, 'otherNumAffected': 11, 'seriousNumAtRisk': 50, 'deathsNumAffected': 0, 'seriousNumAffected': 1}], 'otherEvents': [{'term': 'dysrhythmia', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 49, 'numEvents': 13, 'numAffected': 13}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 50, 'numEvents': 11, 'numAffected': 11}], 'organSystem': 'Cardiac disorders', 'assessmentType': 'NON_SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT'}], 'seriousEvents': [{'term': 'Cerebrovascular events', 'stats': [{'groupId': 'EG000', 'numAtRisk': 49, 'numEvents': 0, 'numAffected': 0}, {'groupId': 'EG001', 'numAtRisk': 50, 'numEvents': 1, 'numAffected': 1}], 'organSystem': 'Nervous system disorders', 'assessmentType': 'NON_SYSTEMATIC_ASSESSMENT'}], 'frequencyThreshold': '5'}, 'outcomeMeasuresModule': {'outcomeMeasures': [{'type': 'PRIMARY', 'title': 'Numbers of Participants With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '49', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate'}], 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '12', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '8', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}]}], 'analyses': [{'pValue': '0.289', 'groupIds': ['OG000', 'OG001'], 'paramType': 'Risk Ratio (RR)', 'ciNumSides': 'TWO_SIDED', 'ciPctValue': '95', 'paramValue': '1.532', 'ciLowerLimit': '0.689', 'ciUpperLimit': '3.406', 'statisticalMethod': 'Chi-squared', 'nonInferiorityType': 'SUPERIORITY'}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'timeFrame': '48 hours', 'description': 'POCD was defined as a decline of 1 standard-deviation (1SD) of baseline score in either MoCA test or short bless test.', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED'}, {'type': 'PRIMARY', 'title': 'Number of Participants With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '49', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate'}], 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '7', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '6', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}]}], 'analyses': [{'pValue': '0.636', 'groupIds': ['OG000', 'OG001'], 'paramType': 'Risk Ratio (RR)', 'ciNumSides': 'TWO_SIDED', 'ciPctValue': '95', 'paramValue': '1.329', 'ciLowerLimit': '0.409', 'ciUpperLimit': '4.319', 'statisticalMethod': 'Chi-squared', 'nonInferiorityType': 'SUPERIORITY'}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'timeFrame': '7 days', 'description': 'POCD was defined as a decline of 1SD of baseline score in either MoCA test or short bless test.', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED'}, {'type': 'SECONDARY', 'title': 'Number of Participants With Postoperative Complications', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '49', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.'}], 'classes': [{'title': 'Postoperative delirium', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '1', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}]}, {'title': 'Embolic Stroke', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '0', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '1', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'timeFrame': '7 days', 'description': 'Neurological complication, Delirium, dysrhythmia, death', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED'}, {'type': 'SECONDARY', 'title': 'Hospital Stay in Days', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '49', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.\n\nDexmedetomidine: After skin incision, the dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.\n\nPlacebo: The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same volume and rate as in the dexmedetomidine group'}], 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '9.367', 'spread': '3.604', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '10.42', 'spread': '4.248', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}]}], 'analyses': [{'pValue': '0.187', 'groupIds': ['OG000', 'OG001'], 'paramType': 'Mean Difference (Final Values)', 'ciNumSides': 'TWO_SIDED', 'ciPctValue': '95', 'paramValue': '-1.053', 'ciLowerLimit': '-2.626', 'ciUpperLimit': '0.52', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION', 'dispersionValue': '0.792', 'statisticalMethod': 't-test, 2 sided', 'nonInferiorityType': 'SUPERIORITY'}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'timeFrame': '30 days', 'unitOfMeasure': 'days', 'dispersionType': 'Standard Deviation', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED'}, {'type': 'SECONDARY', 'title': 'ICU Stay in Hours', 'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '49', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'OG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.'}, {'id': 'OG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.'}], 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '33.79', 'spread': '36.43', 'groupId': 'OG000'}, {'value': '38.44', 'spread': '39.17', 'groupId': 'OG001'}]}]}], 'analyses': [{'pValue': '0.543', 'groupIds': ['OG000', 'OG001'], 'paramType': 'Mean Difference (Final Values)', 'ciNumSides': 'TWO_SIDED', 'ciPctValue': '95', 'paramValue': '-4.644', 'ciLowerLimit': '-19.74', 'ciUpperLimit': '10.45', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION', 'dispersionValue': '7.606', 'statisticalMethod': 't-test, 2 sided', 'nonInferiorityType': 'SUPERIORITY'}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'timeFrame': '7 days', 'unitOfMeasure': 'hours', 'dispersionType': 'Standard Deviation', 'reportingStatus': 'POSTED'}]}, 'participantFlowModule': {'groups': [{'id': 'FG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.'}, {'id': 'FG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.'}], 'periods': [{'title': 'Overall Study', 'milestones': [{'type': 'STARTED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '50'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '50'}]}, {'type': 'COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '49'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '50'}]}, {'type': 'NOT COMPLETED', 'achievements': [{'groupId': 'FG000', 'numSubjects': '1'}, {'groupId': 'FG001', 'numSubjects': '0'}]}]}]}, 'baselineCharacteristicsModule': {'denoms': [{'units': 'Participants', 'counts': [{'value': '49', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '99', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}], 'groups': [{'id': 'BG000', 'title': 'Dex Group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.'}, {'id': 'BG001', 'title': 'Placebo Group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.'}, {'id': 'BG002', 'title': 'Total', 'description': 'Total of all reporting groups'}], 'measures': [{'title': 'Age, Continuous', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '51.43', 'spread': '13.077', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '52.72', 'spread': '10.975', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '52.08', 'spread': '12.017', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'years', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Sex: Female, Male', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'Female', 'measurements': [{'value': '23', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '18', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '41', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Male', 'measurements': [{'value': '26', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '32', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '58', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Region of Enrollment', 'classes': [{'title': 'Thailand', 'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '49', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '99', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Weight', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '60.88', 'spread': '12.5', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '62.69', 'spread': '11.81', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '61.794', 'spread': '12.128', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'kilograms', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'BMI', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '23.08', 'spread': '3.09', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '26.19', 'spread': '19.21', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '24.65', 'spread': '13.8424', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Kilograms per metre square', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '62.26', 'spread': '11.53', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '63.27', 'spread': '11.55', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '62.7717', 'spread': '11.48959', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'percentage of left ventricular ejection', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Serum Creatinine', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '0.94', 'spread': '0.24', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '0.95', 'spread': '0.27', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '0.9445', 'spread': '0.25329', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'miligram per decilitre', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Operation type', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'title': 'CABG', 'measurements': [{'value': '13', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '18', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '31', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Single valve surgery', 'measurements': [{'value': '25', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '19', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '44', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'Multiple valve surgery', 'measurements': [{'value': '6', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '12', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '18', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}, {'title': 'CABG with valve surgery', 'measurements': [{'value': '5', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '1', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '6', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Operative Time', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '301.73', 'spread': '87.70', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '309.28', 'spread': '79.97', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '305.55', 'spread': '83.541', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'minutes', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '120.59', 'spread': '41.52', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '132.34', 'spread': '46.55', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '126.53', 'spread': '44.299', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'minutes', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Aortic Cross-clamp Time', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '92.69', 'spread': '34.03', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '99.88', 'spread': '38.38', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '96.32', 'spread': '36.287', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'unitOfMeasure': 'minutes', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '6', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '10', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '16', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Hypertension', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '22', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '28', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '50', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Atrial fibrillation', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '12', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '13', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '25', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS', 'unitOfMeasure': 'Participants'}, {'title': 'Baseline Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (0-30 points)', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '22.84', 'spread': '4.464', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '22.88', 'spread': '3.707', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '22.86', 'spread': '4.078', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'description': 'Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a screening test for assessment of multiple aspects of cognitive function including, attention, concentration, executive function, memory, language, calculation, visuospatial ability and orientation. MoCA score ranges from 0 to 30. Score more than 25 will be defined as normal cognitive function.', 'unitOfMeasure': 'points', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}, {'title': 'Baseline Short Blessed Test score (0-28 points)', 'classes': [{'categories': [{'measurements': [{'value': '4.98', 'spread': '4.922', 'groupId': 'BG000'}, {'value': '5.30', 'spread': '5.754', 'groupId': 'BG001'}, {'value': '5.14', 'spread': '5.334', 'groupId': 'BG002'}]}]}], 'paramType': 'MEAN', 'description': 'Short Blessed Test (SBT) is a screening test for detecting cognitive change in the aspects of memory and concentration. SBT score ranges from 0 to 28. Score less than 4 will be defined as normal cognitive function.', 'unitOfMeasure': 'points', 'dispersionType': 'STANDARD_DEVIATION'}]}}, 'protocolSection': {'designModule': {'phases': ['PHASE4'], 'studyType': 'INTERVENTIONAL', 'designInfo': {'allocation': 'RANDOMIZED', 'maskingInfo': {'masking': 'TRIPLE', 'whoMasked': ['PARTICIPANT', 'CARE_PROVIDER', 'INVESTIGATOR']}, 'primaryPurpose': 'PREVENTION', 'interventionModel': 'PARALLEL'}, 'enrollmentInfo': {'type': 'ACTUAL', 'count': 100}}, 'statusModule': {'overallStatus': 'COMPLETED', 'startDateStruct': {'date': '2015-06'}, 'expandedAccessInfo': {'hasExpandedAccess': False}, 'statusVerifiedDate': '2018-05', 'completionDateStruct': {'date': '2016-12', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'lastUpdateSubmitDate': '2018-05-21', 'studyFirstSubmitDate': '2016-06-01', 'resultsFirstSubmitDate': '2018-02-27', 'studyFirstSubmitQcDate': '2017-02-13', 'lastUpdatePostDateStruct': {'date': '2018-06-19', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'resultsFirstSubmitQcDate': '2018-05-21', 'studyFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2017-02-16', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'resultsFirstPostDateStruct': {'date': '2018-06-19', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}, 'primaryCompletionDateStruct': {'date': '2016-12', 'type': 'ACTUAL'}}, 'outcomesModule': {'primaryOutcomes': [{'measure': 'Numbers of Participants With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)', 'timeFrame': '48 hours', 'description': 'POCD was defined as a decline of 1 standard-deviation (1SD) of baseline score in either MoCA test or short bless test.'}, {'measure': 'Number of Participants With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)', 'timeFrame': '7 days', 'description': 'POCD was defined as a decline of 1SD of baseline score in either MoCA test or short bless test.'}], 'secondaryOutcomes': [{'measure': 'Number of Participants With Postoperative Complications', 'timeFrame': '7 days', 'description': 'Neurological complication, Delirium, dysrhythmia, death'}, {'measure': 'Hospital Stay in Days', 'timeFrame': '30 days'}, {'measure': 'ICU Stay in Hours', 'timeFrame': '7 days'}]}, 'oversightModule': {'oversightHasDmc': True}, 'conditionsModule': {'conditions': ['Oxidative Stress', 'Cognition Disorders']}, 'descriptionModule': {'briefSummary': 'Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dexmedetomidine in reducing postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in cardiac surgical patients which use cardiopulmonary bypass machine (CPB).\n\nMaterials and Methods: This study was double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Patients scheduled for elective CPB facilitated cardiac surgery were randomly assigned in two groups, dexmedetomidine group (DEX) or control group. The cognitive tests (MoCA test and Short bless test) were done before the operation, 48 hours, and 7 days postoperatively. POCD was defined as a decline of 1SD of baseline score in any test. Arterial blood sample were analyzed for IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha and hs-CRP before induction (T0), after separation from CPB (T1), arrival at ICU (T2) and 24-hour after surgery (T3). Primary outcome was the incidence of POCD and the secondary outcomes were inflammatory response, other postoperative complications, ICU and hospital stay.', 'detailedDescription': "After the patients were enrolled in the study, they were allocated into Dexmedetomidine group or control group by computer-based randomization. Patients, surgeons, anesthesiologists and researchers who performed the cognitive test were all blinded to the study groups.\n\nGeneral anesthesia was induced with intravenously midazolam 0.1-0.2 mg/kg and fentanyl 5-10 mcg/kg or Thiopental 3-5 mg/kg or Propofol 2 mg/kg. Patients were intubated with pancuronium 1 mg/kg or rocuronium 0.6-1 mg/kg. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide in oxygen, isoflurane, fentanyl, and pancuronium or rocuronium as required. Standard monitoring was provided including an indwelling radial artery catheter and central venous catheter. Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring was applied and maintained between 40-60 through the operation. Cerebral oximetry was monitored both sides of the brain by non-invasive oximeters at forehead area and the data were recorded.\n\nAfter skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.\n\nDuring the cardiopulmonary bypass, mean arterial pressure was maintained at 60-80 mmHg or 20% from baseline. If hypertension was detected, Nicardipine 0.2 mg was given intravenously. Ephedrine 6 mg or norepinephrine 4 mcg were given within 5 minutes and repeated every 5 minutes if hypotension was presented. Atropine 0.6 mg was administered for bradycardia (heart rate less than 50 beats per minute). After the operation, patients were transferred to Cardio-thoracic intensive care unit and received standard postoperative cardiac surgery care.\n\n2 neuropsychological tests were used to evaluate patients' cognitive function; Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Short blessed test (SBT). These tests were chosen by King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital's psychiatrist based on previous studies and the statement consensus on assessment of neurobehavioral outcomes after cardiac surgery published in 1995. All patients were evaluated their cognitive function for 3 points of time, 1st time was at preoperative period (T1), 2nd time was at 48 hours postoperatively (T2) and the last one was at 7 days postoperatively or the day at discharge from the hospital (T3). POCD was defined as a decline of 1 standard deviation (1SD) of baseline score in any test.\n\nBlood samples were taken through the radial artery catheter, and sampling times were chosen as follows: before the induction of anaesthesia (T0); after separated from CPB (T1); arrival at intensive care unit (ICU) (T2); 24 hr after surgery (T3). Plasma Tissue Necrotic Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were measured by Magnetic Luminex Performance Assay. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) level were also measured by nephelometry."}, 'eligibilityModule': {'sex': 'ALL', 'stdAges': ['ADULT', 'OLDER_ADULT'], 'maximumAge': '65 Years', 'minimumAge': '18 Years', 'healthyVolunteers': False, 'eligibilityCriteria': 'Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III.\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* patients who were allergy to medication in the research regimen\n* preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction less than 30%\n* body mass index more than 35 kg/m2\n* preoperative mean arterial pressure less than 60 mmHg\n* preoperative heart rate less than 45/min\n* patients with impaired renal function (serum creatinine more than 1.5 mg/dl in female and 2 mg/dl in male)\n* active liver disease, and who had history of symptomatic cerebrovascular disease\n* psychiatric problem and other neurological diseases\n* patients who cannot read'}, 'identificationModule': {'nctId': 'NCT03054857', 'briefTitle': 'The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Post-operative Cognitive Function and Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Surgery', 'organization': {'class': 'OTHER', 'fullName': 'Chulalongkorn University'}, 'officialTitle': 'The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Post-operative Cognitive Function and Oxidative Stress in Patients Undergo Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine Facilitated Elective Cardiac Surgery', 'orgStudyIdInfo': {'id': '2558-102'}}, 'armsInterventionsModule': {'armGroups': [{'type': 'EXPERIMENTAL', 'label': 'Dex group', 'description': 'After skin incision, the Dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.', 'interventionNames': ['Drug: Dexmedetomidine']}, {'type': 'PLACEBO_COMPARATOR', 'label': 'Placebo group', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same rate.', 'interventionNames': ['Drug: Placebo']}], 'interventions': [{'name': 'Dexmedetomidine', 'type': 'DRUG', 'otherNames': ['Dex'], 'description': 'After skin incision, the dexmedetomidine group received a loading dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine in 20 minutes followed by a continuous IV infusion at 0.4 mcg/kg/hr until the end of operation.', 'armGroupLabels': ['Dex group']}, {'name': 'Placebo', 'type': 'DRUG', 'description': 'The control group received a loading dose and continuous IV infusion of normal saline at the same volume and rate as in the dexmedetomidine group', 'armGroupLabels': ['Placebo group']}]}, 'ipdSharingStatementModule': {'ipdSharing': 'UNDECIDED'}, 'sponsorCollaboratorsModule': {'leadSponsor': {'name': 'Chulalongkorn University', 'class': 'OTHER'}, 'responsibleParty': {'type': 'PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR', 'investigatorTitle': 'Dr.', 'investigatorFullName': 'Wirinda Chiravanich, MD', 'investigatorAffiliation': 'Chulalongkorn University'}}}}